Dyspareunia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Dyspareunia - Essay Example Such sexual dysfunctions include sexual desire disorders, sexual pain disorders, and sexual arousal disorders. Thus, if a person has difficulty in some stage of the response cycle or experiences pain during sexual intercourse, he/she, according to Miller, is positive in having a sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunctions have many types. Sexual dysfunction is said to have a sexual dysfunction as early as ones sexual fantasies are increasing while the actual intercourse is decreasing and later on, the absence of it. This kind of sexual disorder is called as Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. However, before any sexual difficulty was supposed to be called a disorder or dysfunction, an individual must be affected first. (Bornstein J, Shapiro S, Rahat M, Goldshmid N, Goldik Z, Abramovici H, et al., 1996) Furthermore, one rare sexual dysfunction is called as the Sexual Aversion Disorder, wherein the person involved is relentlessly avoiding having genitals contact with his/her partner and thus, having a great effect with the sexual relationship. Actually, there are so many kinds of sexual disorders, like Female Sexual Disorder, Male Erectile Disorder, Female and Male Orgasmic Disorder, Premature Ejaculation and of course the most popular among the categories of sexual disorders; dyspareunia. ... It is said that dyspareunia is sometimes chronic in nature. (Butcher J, 1999) On the other hand, Vertosick Frank (2000), discussed in his article in 'behave net' that if the presence of psychological factors played an important role in the pain felt by a person, like in the start, exactness, exacerbation or continuation of the pain, this is considered as a pain disorder. Thus, the pain is not caused deliberately nor created or mocked. Another thing to classify what is pain disorder; we can associate it with psychological factors and general medications. Diagnostic for the pain disorder is recognized as follows: pain in one or more anatomical parts is the principal focus of the clinical arrangement and is of strictly adequate to demand medical attention; what causes pain is basically misery or with mutilation in occupational, social or in other important areas of functioning; the pain is not faked nor intentionally produced and it is not associated with mood, anxiety or psychotic disorders; and lastly, psychological factors played a significant role in the beginning, rigorousness, exacerbation or in maintenance of the pain. (Binik, Y. M., 2005) Based on the definitions of sexual and pain disorder, we can clearly draw the line in categorizing dyspareunia. However, to make the arguments about the classification of dyspareunia more clearly and the information more accurately, lets define dyspareunia and what are the standards of DSM-IV-TR in labeling it as a sexual pain disorder. Dyspareunia, according to Steege and Ling, is the repeated and persistent genital pain related with sexual activity, in either the male or female. It may be due to emotional, organic and or psychogenic causes. However, some studies said that dyspareunia is associated with a more

Learning Team Reflection Essay Example for Free

Learning Team Reflection Essay This past week, our team has been going over and reflecting on four main objectives. These main objectives are differentiating between accrual basis and cash basis accounting, the process of creating adjusting entries, and adjusted trial balances. We will also collectively discuss our opinions of what would be the most important skills learned in an accounting position. In accordance to week three’s objectives, I would have to say that everything that we have gone over is essential to our success in future accounting positions, however, we feel that the most important skill is to be able to accurately record the inflow (revenue earned) and the outflow (expenses: utilities, etc. ) of monies. Accural vs. Cash Basis Accounting According to the readings, accrual basis accounting is defined as in which companies record, in the periods in which the events occur, transactions that change a companys financial statements, even if cash was not exchanged. In other words, it means that recorded or un-recorded, all transactions are taken and projected into the overall balance. Cash Basis Accounting basis in which a company records revenue only when it receives cash, and an expense only when it pays out cash. This means that this means of accounting, only takes accountability of the physical cash that is at a physical location. The differences, Accural is all transactions whether recorded, unrecorded, or projected. Cash is the physical monies on hand at a physical location and does not record earnings until payments are actually made. Create adjusting entries This week we have been given a lot of practice on how to create adjusting entries to financial documents and internal financial â€Å"memos† (such as balance sheets). There are five types of adjusting entries: Accrued revenues – making adjustments to a service that has been performed but not billed. 1. Accrued expenses – expenses such as wages paid to an employee. 2. Unearned revenues – payments for goods or services to be delivered at a future date. 3. Prepaid Expenses – assets that are prepaid and gets used up during the accounting period. 4. Depreciation – process of allocating the cost of an asset. When adjusting entries are created, they are created in real time. These entries are important so that the net profit or loss and the financial position can be established. Prepare an adjusted trial balance. Again, we have practiced a lot this week in being able to successfully and accurately adjust entries in many different financial documents and of course, adjusting entries in trial balances have been some of those documents that we have worked on. In order to be a successful accountant, being to be able to successfully adjust entries in a trial balance sheet could be the very life factor in holding in accountant position. If we are unable to accurately record a trial balance the likelihood of us being able to hold our position as accountants is slim to none.

gatillus American Illusions in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby :: free essay writer

American Illusions in The Great Gatsby    The American dream. Every American has his or her own ideals and preferences, but all share more or less the same dream. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald explores what happens when this dream is taken too far.   What is one to do when the dream begins to overshadow reality?   What are the consequences when a successful man allows the dream to matter more than life itself?   Fitzgerald tells all through the hopeless Gatsby, idealistic Nick, and ignorant Myrtle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mansions, cars, jewels, and extravagant parties- what more could a person want? Gatsby had it all, yet he was still empty inside, craving more. All the riches Gatsby has mean nothing without his great love, Daisy. Gatsby strived to become successful for the sole purpose of capturing Daisy's heart. However, Gatsby's dream is an unattainable and hopeless dream for he can never win her love. Daisy and Gatsby live only miles apart, but their relationship is eons apart, as Daisy is already attached. Gatsby is pursuing "a transcendent significance outside of society and beyond the notability of history" (Lynn 180). Gatsby is dreaming "the American dream" that anything is possible, but the tragic flaw within him is that he is living in the past and cannot see the destructive future that lies ahead. Gatsby says, "I'm going to fix everything just the way it was before,... She'll see," and he does not realize that he cannot make it the way it was be fore (Fitzgerald 114). When Gatsby does get the chance to prove himself to Daisy, it is already too late. According to Fitzgerald, "the whole caravansay had fallen in like a card house at the disapproval in her eyes," (Fitzgerald 114). Gatsby's downfall is in the fact that he is unable to determine the fine line that divides reality and illusion in his life.   The green light at the end of Daisy's dock burns bright for Gatsby, but Gatsby does not realize that he cannot ever capture the light. He continues to dream blindly.   This is evident when Nick tells Gatsby that he cannot relive the past and Gatsby replies, "Why of course you can, old sport!" (Fitzgerald 116). Gatsby's dream of capturing Daisy's love is based on a fantasy of romance, but the truth is that Daisy is already taken and no amount of money or popularity can change that.

Sentence Structure

Sentence Structure and Avoiding Run-on Sentences Sentence Structure Depending on the number and type of clauses they contain, sentences are classified as simple, compound, complex, compound-complex. 1. Simple Sentences A simple sentence contains only one independent clause. Without dancing, life would not be fun. A simple sentence can also contain compound elements (subject, verb, object). Evil enters like a needle and spreads like an oak. (compound verb) 2. Compound sentences A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses with no subordinate clauses. They are joined with a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, so, for, yet) or with a semicolon. He wanted to join the group, but the other members wouldn’t let him. Most singers gain fame through hard work and dedication; Evita, however, found another means. 3. Complex sentences A complex sentence is composed of one independent clause with one or more subordinate clauses. The fur that warms a monarch once warmed a bear. Home is the place where you slip in the tub and break your neck. Talent is what you possess. Dig a well before you are thirsty. Whoever gossips to you will gossip about you. Juan can run faster than I can bicycle. When he adopts a creed, a scientist commits suicide. The receptionist knows [that] you are here. Subordinating Adverbs afterbeforerather thanthoughwherealthough even thoughsinceunlesswhetherasas if if howso thatuntilwhilethan whenwhybecausein order thatthatbecause although Relative Pronouns thatwhowhomwhosewhich Other words introducing subordinate clauses whoeverwhomeverwhateverwhicheverwheneverwherever The above is true in both Spanish and English (Hacker, 2009, 768-770). Run-On Sentences Run-on sentences are a serious problem because they indicate that the writer does not understand basic sentence structure either in Spanish or English. Run-ons are independent clauses (a word group that can stand alone as a complete sentence) that have not been joined correctly. There are two types of run-on sentences. When a writer puts no punctuation and no coordinating conjunction between independent clauses, the sentence is said to be fused. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone they are essential for the hearing paired. A more common run-on sentence is the comma splice—two independent clauses joined with a comma without a coordinating conjunction (and, so, but, for, yet, or, nor). EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, they are essential for the hearing impaired. In other comma splices, the comma is accompanied by a joining word that is not a coordinating conjunction. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, however they are essential for the hearing impaired. There are four methods of fixing a run-on sentence: 1. Use a comma and coordinating conjunction: EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, but they are essential for the hearing impaired. 2. Use a semi-colon (if the clauses are related) or a colon or a dash to separate the independent clauses. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; they are essential for the hearing impaired. Sometimes the semi-colon is accompanied by a transitional expression. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; however, they are essential for the hearing impaired. Other common transitions: moreover, nevertheless, for example, in fact, etc. ). If appropriate you may also use a colon or a dash (less formal than the colon): EX: Nuclear waste is hazardous: This is an indisputable fact. 3. Make the clauses into separate sentences. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone. They are essential for the hearing impaired. 4. Restructure the sentence so that one of the clauses becomes subordinate. EX: While gestures are a means of communication for everyone, they are essential for the hearing impaired (Hacker, 2009, 296-308). EXERCISE Revise any run-on sentences using a technique that you find effective. If a sentence is correct write correct after it. 1. Carlos never drove the vintage cars his father left him, however, he wouldn’t sell them. 2. The volunteers worked hard to clean up after the hurricane, in fact, many of them did not sleep for days. 3. The center of Monterrey is the Macroplaza, this plaza is one of the largest in the world. 4. I ran the three blocks as fast as I could I missed the bus. 5. We didn’t trust her, she had lied before. 6. If you want to get good grades, consider this advice, don’t wait until the end of the semester to start studying. 7. Juan is a top competitor he has been running for years. 8. The floor around the refreshment stand was sticky, I was lucky to make it away with both shoes on my feet. 9. The streets of Mexico City are dangerous, it is not safe to drive. 10. Are you able endure boredom, then this might be the right career for you. 11. We planned to spend our vacation at Padre Island, however, the hurricane made us come home earlier than we had planned. 2. There was one major reason for his wealth, his grandfather had been a multi-millionaire. 13. President Fox was standing next to the podium, he was waiting for President Bush to introduce him to the press. 14. Mr. Romero is an excellent linguist, he speaks six languages. 15. Somedays I only have money for the bus, lunch is a luxury I cannot afford. 16. The building is being renovated we have no heat or water. 17. The next time an event is canceled because of rain, don’t blame the weatherman, blame nature.

Edexcel History Part B Royal Family Essay

Do you agree with the view that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy? There is evidence to suggest that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy. However there is also a case to argue that increasing media coverage of the royal family had other significant effects. Source 15 supports the view that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy when it says the slapstick gameshow ‘It’s a Royal Knockout’, which many members of the royal family took part in ‘seriously dented their dignity: the nation was not amused’, which suggests the people of Britain lost respect for the royal family as a result of media coverage. This is supported in source 16 when it says ‘We hope the Windsors and their ad visors are watching the mood on the streets and learning from it’, which implies that the royal family should be careful how they act so they do not lose any further respect from the public. Source 17 also supports the view the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy when it talks about a ‘time of uncertainty’. This suggests that due to the influence of the media, people were uncertain of how to view the royal family, as they were beginning to be portrayed as less high up in society, and therefore commanding less respect. This is supported in source 15, which says ‘their magic began to wane’. This implies that although a certain amount of respect remained for the royal family, they were beginning to be seen as less remarkable to the British public. Events such as ‘It’s a Knockout’ were aattempts at modernising the relationship between the royal family and the people of Britain, but they reduced the mystique of the family and eroded respect. Source 17 contradicts the view that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family fro m the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy when it says that two programmes about the lives of the monarchy ‘were two of the decade’s biggest televisual events’ suggesting that one significant effect of the increasing media coverage was to increase the interest and awareness of the royal family. Previously, apart from Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation in 1953, there was little knowledge of the lives of the monarchy, and more media coverage meant that people could find out more about them, and see that they are actually normal people. This would allow some relation between ordinary people and the royal family, perhaps gaining them some popularity. This is supported in source 15 which says ‘they could laugh at themselves’, suggesting the royal family were increasingly being seen as regular, fun-loving people just like everyone else. This is a stark contrast to how they would have been viewed in previous years, as they were viewed by the public as more traditional, conservative and perhaps even dull. Source 16 contradicts the view that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy when it says that the royal family have ‘grasped the lesson of Diana’s popularityâ€⠄¢, implying that the royal family’s reputation is not being ruined by media coverage and rather that it is increasing their popularity. This is supported in source 17 which says ‘the monarchy was still respected as Britain’s most prestigious institution’ also suggesting that the royal family’s reputation had not been damaged by media coverage, they had just become more popular and maintained their prestigious status in the meantime. From 1981 onwards there was huge media interest in Diana, Princess of Wales. This has a largely negative impact on the royal family, supporting the view that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy. Not only did it reduce respect for the royal family, making them more into ‘celebrities’ than well-respected figures, it also arguably led to the death of Princess Diana. The Princess of Wales died in a car crash whilst being pursued b ya car full of paparazzi. This tragic event is a perfect example of how the image of the monarch ywas damaged by increased media inter est; they were no longer really seen as real people, let alone respected. Newspaper articles about them were hugely sensationalised and focused on scandals, rather than trying to maintain the high status of the monarchy. For example, telephone scandals amongst the royal family were widely reported. The ‘Camillagate’ and ‘Squidgygate’ stories concerned taped phone conversations that were evidence for extra-marital affairs, and were quite graphic in parts. This led to a dramatic change in how many people saw the Windsor family. It gave people a reason to look down upon them, and people did not think members of the family should engage in such acts when they were supposed to be setting an example to the country. Another prime example of how media influence damaged the image of the royal family was when the Royal Family failed to publically display their grief for the loss of Diana. Previously, this would not have been a problem but such was the extent of the media coverage of the royal family by this time, people were expecting to hear from the Windsors about Diana’s death. When a message of grief did not come, people thought the royal family were uncaring and rather out of touch with the public. In conclusion, I agree that the main effect of increasing media coverage of the royal family from the 1970s onwards was to damage the image of the monarchy. Source 15 argues this case by saying the royal family were beginning ‘to acquire a negative, less tasteful kind of glamour’. This source is from a textbook, so it is likely that the information is accurate and unbiased, and therefore quite useful as a source. However there is also evidence that increasing media coverage of the royal family had other significant effects, such as increasing the popularity of the royal family and interest in their lives. This keeps the royal family relevant to our society as a symbol of Britain, so it is quite important. As well as this more coverage of the private lives of the royal family would have allowed people to relate better to them, and therefore support them more. This is significant because a monarchy is often seen as useless in our current society, so for the royal family to continue existing there needs to be continual public support. This view is discussed in source 17 which says ‘the monarch ywas stil lrespected as Britain’s most prestigious institution’, suggesting media had positive effects on the royal family rather that just damaging their reputation. Source 17 is quite a reliable source as it is from a textbook, and seems to present quite a balanced view of the media’s influence on the royal family. Source 16 on the other hand is less useful to either argument and talks in quite a patronising way about the royal family, saying they hope the Windsors are ‘learning from’ the ‘mood on the streets’. It is an editorial from the Independent newspaper, so may be sensationalised and therefore less accurate.

Puritan womens place in society during Colonial America essays

Puritan womens place in society during Colonial America essays The Puritan Revolution of 17th-century in America endorsed an intimate classification of women with domestic life that achieve a wide acceptance throughout the 18th century. Women were thus locked in the created domestic sphere while men were busy in the political sphere. However, Anne Hutchinson was a religious dissenter and she challenged the Puritan principle of conformity with religious laws was a symbol of godliness and that the Bible as the sole source of those laws. Nevertheless, Hester was a feminist and she challenged the Puritan belief of women belonging in the cult of domesticity. Up to this time, Puritan women were very restricted to life at home and therefore judged as inferior to men. For example, in my research I found that women were sent to the colonies as prospective wives for the settlers and the women lived in homes with married couples where they would receive suitors if they chose (source 1, 24). This exhibits how women did not come to America for the same reason as men did because the men came here for religious, economical reasons, or more. Nevertheless, women were immigrating to America to be the wives of the settlers; this demonstrates that women were expected to live in the household for the rest of their lives. In addition, in The Scarlet Letter, as Hester is standing on the scaffold in the beginning of the book, a judge, a general, and the minister of the town; all of whom sat or stood in a balcony of the meeting house, looking down upon the platform of the spectacle without risking the majesty or reverence of rank and office...(55) Thi s shows how men are looking down at Hester implying that she is inferior. The reason they stand on a balcony is to protect their majesty or reverence of rank and office since they think their reputation will be ruined if they are at the same level as women. Hence, women were separated into a differe...

American’s Adversity Professor Ramos Blog

American’s Adversity Anthony Salazar Sefferino Ramos ENGL-162-20 April 5, 2019 American’s Adversity To live in America and consider another person an American or have an American identity can be simple and complex. It can just be a person who is born in America and consider themselves American. Then it can be complicated where people regard themselves as an American in a thoughtful way, or it’s a right that needs to be gained. Though it can be one or the other, one idea that can be considered valid is that to be an American is to struggle. In their works, writers Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes write different ideas that to be American or have an American identity, yet when comparing their writing, it’s not about your outside appearance but your struggles. The author Zora Neale Hurston is an example of an American struggling. As she was young and lived in Eatonville, Florida, she had to deal with her father who was not a family man, but she had a strong relationship with her mother. She did not have to deal with racism as she lived her childhood and never met a white person at that time until her mother passed away. That led her to never finish grade school, even though this adversity she was able to get accepted and complete at Howard University in Washington, DC. Hurston moved to Harlem and entered Barnard college and took two different approaches at the same time, as she studied with the famous anthropologist Franz Boas at Barnard and at Harlem, she was a storyteller. Though during this time and onward, the works that Hurston made were not in favor of â€Å"smart men† that reads her works. Though Hurston is not writing works that follow fellow black authors writings with a specific image to the white readers, as Hurston thinks that she doesn’t need to â€Å"uplift her race.† Zora then worked as a maid at the end of her life. Though she had a comfortable experience at a young age, she went through many struggles with her audience and fellow African Americans with her works since many of them believe she is rejecting her peoples legacy. The type of writings that she wrote made her different from other black writers but made her an outcast in the time of the Harlem Renaissance. One of Zora Neale Hurston works that were different from other Harlem writers is How It Feels to Be Colored Me as it does not show the same idea of some but at the time most fellow African Americans. As she writes in How It Feels to Be Colored Me, â€Å"I have no separate feeling about an American citizen and colored† (Hurston 960). The text shows how she cares more about individuality than what others think. Mary also added that, â€Å"Hurston strove to reflect individuals rather than the broad ideologist outed in most Modernist fiction† (Russell). Zora did not follow the same mindset in Harlem as others did where the people there show their struggle of living as an African American, but rather the struggle of a single person; as she strove for the ideas of individualism than collectivism. Hurston also writes, â€Å"Slavery is the price I paid for civilization, and the choice was not with me† (Hurston 959). This heavily showed that she’s not upset that her ancestors were enslaved nor expressing that she wants justice that can never be gained, but instead accepts it happened and is glad that because of it she’s is having a civilized life, and though it was not her choice, she is okay with it. The story that Zora wrote is not a girl accepting the world as it is and becoming another person that divides themselves, but the struggle of a girl living to be herself. As Zora showed the struggle of being herself, another author showed the struggle of what many African Americans felt. Langston Hughes, on the other hand, was also a considerable part of the Harlem Renaissance. Langston was born in Joplin, Missouri and his parents were separated, so he was forced to live with his grandmother for a time. Though the parents lived separated he choose to live with his mother in Detroit and Cleveland; it is also the same place he finished high school and began writing. Langston then went to the Columbia college in 1920, but after a year left. After leaving the college, he published many popular works, to the point that in the year 1930 he was considered the best of Harlem writers. Then as the Great Depression came, it ended the African American writing except for Langston Hughes, as Langston became an activist in 1930 and joined the Communist party. That got him into being blacklisted by the FBI in 1959, and he couldn’t travel outside the United States. Though at the end of his life he was allowed to go international lands. Though Langston was actively connected with other African Americans and showed the white readers their struggles, and today it still connects with many readers. As Langston Hughes wrote many poems such as Mother to Son and I, Too to show the struggle of an African American. In the poem, Mother to Son Hughes wrote, â€Å"Don’t you set down on the steps / ‘Cause you finds it’s kinder hard† (Hughes 1038). What Langston wrote was advice that his mother gave him, and it’s about never giving up and never backing down as it’s a hard life for African Americans in American, but many other people from different ethnicities can relate to this poem because it’s a struggle to live in America, especially when the person is not white. Then in the other poem I, Too Langston wrote, â€Å"Nobody’ll dare say to me, â€Å"eat in the kitchen†¦ I Too, am American† (Hughes 1038). As this poem shows that he is also American just like the ones who tell him to eat in the kitchen, and even if they never see him as an American and just something less than equal, yet he sees himself as an American no ma tter what. This is part of what created the American identity through struggles. It’s a struggle that many non-whites that had to deal with since many whites considered them as not American like themselves, yet they accepted it as their identity and confirms themselves as a true American like the Whites. Then the author of Pain, Pride, Renewal: How Langston Hughes Embodied the Harlem Renaissance, Noah Standish said, â€Å"Hughes’s depiction of African American pride was instrumental to the Harlem Renaissance’s theme of artistic renewal and racial pride† (Standish). As Langston was a significant part of the Harlem Renaissance, he and many others struggle to see themselves as an American since they were not of white ethnicity and discouraged for it, but nonetheless, they struggled to assert their culture and themselves to others as Americans. This is how Langston was an American, as he struggled to live and tell American’s of his struggle and the di scrimination with the poems he wrote and being true to himself. As these two writers wrote about different ideas, both seem to have a common trait during their time, and it‘s not of their outside appearance. The common trait is that the writers struggled to live in America and in turn that’s what makes them American. As to show why to be American is to strive, history and religion shows many reasons. An example is that when Americans struggled to free themselves from the British empire. Another example of the revolution is Paul Revere’s ride and what he said: â€Å"Noise! You’ll have noise enough before long! The regulars are coming out!† (Standish). This man struggled that night to warn the people who are going to fight for their freedom to be ready since the British were coming and even though he wasn’t the only one in that night, he was a person that struggled and that in turn made him a true American. America became a place where many religions are accepted such as Christianity and Buddhism. As Christianity is â€Å"The Christian faith centers on beliefs regarding the birth, life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ† (Unknown) and Buddhism is stated as, â€Å"The teaching of SiddhÄ rtha Gautama that suffering is inherent in life and that one can be liberated from it by cultivating wisdom, virtue, and concentration† (unknown). These two religions were not created in America, but brought to America and showed concepts of struggling, as many of the faiths teachings are about how to live pass adversity which is something Americans deal with in everyday life. As American history and religion from different origins connect to Americans in many ways, such as to struggle through life even though they won’t admit it. The idea of being American or what is the American identity can be simple or complex depending on a person or both but to indeed be American is to struggle. The two authors of the Harlem Renaissance struggled to be themselves or tried to be a part of the country that discriminates them. The idea that to be American is to struggle is shown to this day as well as many American. There are many struggling to find work so they can live another day. There are many struggling to accept who they are and what they like even though many people will hate them just because of them being true to themselves. It doesn’t have to be a huge one; it can also be a small one where you don’t know what college or university to go after community college. That’s what it means to be American: in a simple and complex understanding it isn’t when things are good in life that makes you American, it’s how you handle the bad. Word Cited Hughes, Langston. â€Å"I, Too† The Norton Anthology American Literature, pp. 1038. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"Mother to Son† The Norton Anthology American Literature, pp. 1037-1038. Hurston, Zora. â€Å"How It Feels to Be Colored Me† The Norton Anthology American Literature, pp. 958-960. Leehey, Patrick M. â€Å"The Real Story of Paul Reveres Ride.† Biography.com, AE Networks Television, 17 Apr. 2017, biography.com/news/paul-reveres-ride-facts. Russell, Mary Catherine. â€Å"Zora Neale Hurston: Scientist, Folklorist, Storyteller.† Pursuit: The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Tennessee, vol. 8, no. 1, Jan. 2017, pp. 125–137. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=a9hAN=123884543site=ehost-live. Standish, Noah. â€Å"Pain, Pride, Renewal: How Langston Hughes Embodied the Harlem Renaissance.† LOGOS: A Journal of Undergraduate Research, vol. 11, Fall 2018, pp. 40–50. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   aspx?direct=truedb=a9hAN=133022504site=ehost-live. Unknown. â€Å"Buddhism.† Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Buddhism. Unknown, History.com. â€Å"Christianity.† History.com, AE Television Networks, 13 Oct. 2017, history.com/topics/religion/history-of-christianity. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"I, Too† The Norton Anthology American Literature, pp. 1038 Hughes, Langston. â€Å"Mother to Son† The Norton Anthology American Literature, pp. 1037-1038 Hurston, Zora. â€Å"How It Feels to Be Colored Me† The Norton Anthology American Literature, pp. 958-960

Lines and Slopes in SAT Math Geometry Strategies

Lines and Slopes in SAT Math Geometry Strategies SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In our SAT guide to lines and angles, we dealt with parallel lines, perpendiculars, and the many different ways to find angle measures with two or more lines. Now, we’ll look at the other aspect of lines, namely their slopes and equations. This will be your complete guide to lines and slopes- what slopes mean, how to find them, and how to solve the many types of slope and line equation questions you’ll see on the SAT. What Are Lines and Slopes? Before we start, you may want to take a moment to familiarize yourself with our guide to SAT coordinate points in order to refresh yourself on the basics of coordinate geometry. Basically, coordinate geometry takes place in the space where the $x$-axis and the $y$-axis meet. Any place on this space is given a coordinate point- written as $(x, y)$- that indicates where the point is along each axis. A line (or line segment) is a completely straight marker with no curvature. It is made up of (and connects) a series of points together. A slope is the measure of the slant (steepness) of a line. A slope is found by finding the change in distance along the y axis over the change in distance along the $x$ axis. You are probably most familiar with this concept by finding the â€Å"rise over run† to find the slope of a line. $${\change \in y}/{\change \in x}$$ Here is a typical line, presented on the coordinate grid. To find our slope, first start by marking the points where the line hits the grid at perfect integer coordinates. This will make life simpler when we go to find the slope. Wherever the grid meets at a corner, we will have coordinates that are integers. We can see here that our line hits the coordinates: $(-3, 4)$, $(0, 2)$, and $(3, 0)$. Now let us find the rise and run of the line. Our "rise" will be -2, as we must move down 2 units to reach the next coordinate point in our line. Our run will be +3, as we must move 3 units to the right to reach the next coordinate point in our line. So our final slope will be: $\rise/\run$ $-{2/3}$ Properties of Slopes A slope can either be positive or negative. A positive slope rises from left to right. A negative slope falls from left to right. A straight horizontal line has a slope of zero. It will be defined by one axis only. $y=2$ A straight vertical line has an undefined slope (because run will always be 0, and you can't divide by 0). It will be defined by one axis only. $x=2.5$ The steeper the line, the larger the slope. The red line is steepest, with a slope of $4/1$, or 4. The blue line is not as steep, with a slope of $4/9$ San Francisco knows a little bit about steep slopes. Line and Slope Formulas Finding the Slope $${y_2 - y_1}/{x_2 - x_1}$$ In order to find the slope of a line that connects two points, you must find the change in the y-values over the change in the x-values. (Note: It does not matter which points you assign as $(x_1,y_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2)$, so long as you are consistent.) Given the coordinates $(2, 2)$ and $(-1, 0)$, find the slope of the line. Now, we can solve this question in one of two ways- by drawing a graph and counting, or by using our formula. Since we already saw earlier how it's possible to count out our slope on a graph, let us use our formula to see how it's done. Of the two coordinate points, we must assign one set to be $x_1$ and $y_1$ and the other to be $x_2$ and $y_2$. Let us pick (2, 2) to be our $x_1$ and $y_1$ and (-1, 0) to be our $x_2$ and $y_2$. ${y_2 - y_1}/{x_2 - x_1}$ $(0 - 2)/(-1 - 2)$ ${-2}/{-3}$ $2/3$ But what would have happened had we assigned $(-1, 0)$ to be our $x_1$ and $y_1$ and $(2, 2)$ to be our $x_2$ and $y_2$? We would have gotten the same results either way! ${y_2 - y_1}/{x_2 - x_1}$ $(2 - 0)/(2 - -1)$ $2/3$ No matter which coordinates we assign to be the first or second values for x and y, we will end up with the same slope so long as we are consistent. Equation of a Line $$y=mx+b$$ This is called the â€Å"equation of a line† or a line in "slope-intercept form" and it shows exactly how a line is positioned along the $x$- and $y$-axes as well as how steep it is. This is the most important formula you’ll need when it comes to lines and slopes, so let’s break it into pieces. $y$ is your $y$-coordinate value for any particular value of $x$. $x$ is your $x$-coordinate value for any particular value of $y$. $m$ is the measure of your slope. $b$ is the $y$-intercept value of your line. This means that it is the value where the line hits the $y$-axis (remember, a straight line will only hit each axis a maximum of one time). Find the equation of the line from the graph. We're using the same graph from above, and we can see that the line intersects with the $y$-axis at around $y=0.5.$* We also determined earlier that the slope is $2/3$. So when we put those two pieces of information together, the equation of our line would be: $y = {2/3}x + 0.5$ *If the question wants you to be more specific than "about a half" about what fraction of a number the line hits $x=0$ or $y=0$ at, it will have a more detailed drawing. In this question, while the actual intercept for a line with coordinates $(2,2)$ and $(0,-1)$ would actually be $2/3$ or $0.66$, not $0.5$, the graph is not at a scale where you could reasonably visually estimate that. Remember to always re-write any line equations you are given into the proper form! Often, the test will try to trip you up by giving you an equation not written in proper form and asking for the slope of the line. This is to get people to make a mistake if they are going too quickly through the test. $$tx+12y=-3$$ The equation above is the equation of a line in the $xy$-plane, and $t$ is a constant. If the slope of the line is -10, what is the value of $t$? First, let us put this equation into the proper equation of a line. $tx+12y = −3$ $12y = −tx−3$ $y = - {tx}/{12} -3/12$ Now, we only care about finding the slope, so let’s find the value of t (our slope) by using our given. $-{t/12} = -10$ $-t = -120$ $t = 120$ Our final answer is $t = 120$. Always remember to set up your equation as your first step and you’ll be able to solve most any slope problem quickly and easily. Perpendicular Lines When two lines meet at right angles, the lines are called â€Å"perpendicular.† Perpendicular lines will always have slopes that are negative reciprocals of one another. This means that you must reverse both the sign of the slope as well as the fraction. For example, if a two lines are perpendicular to one another and one has a slope of $3/4$ the other line will have a slope of $-{4/3}$. Perpendicular lines with slopes of $3/4$ and $-{4/3}$ And if a line has a slope of −5, the line that meets it perpendicularly will have a slope of $1/5$. Parallel Lines When two lines will never meet, no matter how infinitely long they extend, the lines are said to be parallel. This means that they are continuously equidistant. If two lines are parallel, they will also have the same slope. You can see why this makes sense, since the rise over run will always have to be the same in order to make sure that the lines will never touch. Parallel lines with slopes of $4/3$ When lines turn devious. Typical Line and Slope Questions Most line and slope questions on the SAT are quite basic at their core. You’ll generally see two questions on slopes per test and almost all of them will simply ask you to find the slope of a line or the equation of a line. The test may attempt to complicate the question by using other shapes or figures, but the questions always boil down to these simple concepts. Just remember to re-write any given equations into the proper slope-intercept form and keep in mind your rules for finding slopes (and your rules for parallel or perpendicular lines). With this knowledge in hand, you’ll be able to solve these types of problems quickly and easily. From the graph, we can see that the y-intercept of the line is (0,1). The line also passes through the point (1,2). This is enough information for us to figure out the slope of the line, which we know is ${\change \in y}/{\change \in x}$. ${2-1}/{1-0}={1}/{1}=1$ Now we know that the slope of the line is 1. In slope-intercept form, the equation for line $l$ is $y=x+1$ or choice D. Our final answer is D. We know that slope is the ${\change \in y}/{\change \in x}$. The equation $y=kx +4$ is already in slope-intercept form, so we know the slope of the line is $k$. We also know that the line contains the point $(c,d)$ which means we can substitute those variables for $(x,y)$ in the equation. This gives us $d=kc+4$ Solving for this equation for the slope, $k$, gives us $k= {d-4}/c$ Our final answer is A, ${d-4}/c$ How to Solve a Line and Slope Problem As you go through your line and slope problems, keep in mind these tips: #1: Always rearrange your equation into $y=mx+b$ The test makers will often present you with an equation of a line that is not in proper form, for example: $4y+3x=12$. If you are going too quickly through the test or if you forget to rearrange the given equation into proper slope-intercept form, you will misidentify the slope of the line. So always remember to rearrange your equation into proper form as your first step. $4y + 3x = 12$ = $y = −{3/4}x + 3$ #2: Always remember your $\rise/\run$ It can be easy to make a mistake try to find the change in $x$ before finding the change in y, as our brains are used to doing things "in order." Keep careful track of your variables in order to reduce careless mistakes of this nature. Remember the mantra of "rise over run" and this will help you always know to find your change in y over your change in $x$. #3: Make your own graph and/or count to find your slope Because the slope is always "rise over run," you can always find the slope with a graph- whether from a given graph or from your own. It's never a bad idea to take a second and make your own graph if you are not provided with one. This will help you better visualize the problem and avoid errors. If you forget your formulas (or simply don't want to use them), simply count how the line rises (or falls) and trace its "run," and you will always find your slope. Oh, for the days when all we needed to know about lines was how to color in (or out of) them.... Test Your Knowledge Now that we’ve walked through the typical slope questions you’ll see on the test (and a few basic tips you’ll need to solve them), let’s put your knowledge to the test. 1. 2. 3. 4. Answers: D, A, B, D Answer Explanations: 1. We know that slope is the ${\change \in y}/{\change \in x}$. We are also told that our slope is -2, which means it must be $-{2/1}$. This means that, for every time our y value decreases by 2, our x value increases by 1. And every time our y value increases by 2, our x value will decrease by 1. If we use our rectangle, we also have one point of reference on the line. We can see that the rectangle has a length of 3 (because it spans horizontally from $x=0$ to $x=3$) and a length of 4 (because it spans vertically from $y=0$ to $y=4$). This means that the rectangle hits the line at the top right corner at coordinates (3, 4). Now we can simply count where the line will hit the y-axis. Because the slope increases horizontally (along the x-axis) one unit at a time, we can see that there will be $3/1 = 3$ even points along the line needed to find the y-intercept. Basically, this means that we are taking the slope, $-{2/1}$, and multiplying it by 3 to get $-{6/3}$. In other words, we are adding 6 to the change in y and subtracting 3 from the change in x because we are taking the slope backwards. So now we can find our new point by saying that we increased our y-value from 4 to $4+6=10$, and we have decreased our x-value from 3 to $3−3=0$, which would give us the new slope of: $(4 + 6)/(3 - 3) = 10/0$ So our new coordinate point is (0, 10), which means that our y-intercept is 10. Our final answer is D, 10. 2. We know that we can find the slope of the line using ${y_2 - y_1}/{x_2 - x_1}$, so let's plug in our coordinates of (0,r) and (s,0) for these values. ${y_2 - y_1}/{x_2 - x_1}$ $(0 - r)/(s - 0)$ $r/s$ Our s will remain unchanged, but our r value will become negative, as it is being subtracted from zero. Our final answer is A. 3. If you count to the point at which the line crosses the y-intercept, you can see it hits at $y=3$ In the equation $y=mx+b$, the b is the y-intercept. That means our b will be 3. We can therefore cross off answer choices A and D, leaving us down to B, C, and E. We can also see that our line falls from left to right, so our slope will be negative. This means we can eliminate answer choice E, leaving us between choices B and C. Now let’s take the two points at which the line hits the axes. We already saw that the line hits the y-intercept at $y=3$ and we can also see that the line hits the x-axis at $x=2$. This means our line hits coordinates (0, 3) and (2, 0). This means that the change in our y value is -3 and the change in our x value is +2. (Why? Because we decreased our y value by 3 and we increased our x value by 2.) So our slope must be $-{3/2}$, which means that our final equation will be: $y = -{3/2}x + 3$ Our final answer is B. 4. We're told that the equation of the line is $y=2x-5$. This means that the slope of the line is 2 and the $y$-intercept is at (0,-5). A slope of 2 means that, for each increase in $x$ of 1, $y$ increases by 2. Looking at each of the graphs, choices C and D are the only lines with a slope of 2. (Don't be fooled by choice B which has a slope of -2). Next we can look at $y$-intercepts. The line in choice C has a $y$-intercept at ($0,5)$, which doesn't match the equation of the line we were given. However, choice D's line has a $y$-intercept at $(0,-5)$, which is exactly what we're looking for. Choice D is the only line with both the correct slope and y-intercept. Our final answer is D. Hurray, hurray! You've found your slopes, you know your lines! Congrats, congrats. The Take-Aways Once you have familiarized yourself with the basics of coordinate geometry, slopes should not be too far off field. Though the SAT will try to complicate problems as much as they are reasonably able, questions on lines and slopes are almost always easier than they appear. Keep your important formulas close to your heart and be vigilant with your negative signs, and you’ll do just fine when it comes to slopes and intercepts. What’s Next? Phew! You've learned all there is to learn about your slopes angles. Luckily for you (for a certain definition of "luck"), there is so much more to learn! Before you continue on, make sure you have a firm grasp of all the topics covered on SAT math so that you can see what to prioritize. If you're looking for a particular math topic, scope out our SAT math archive for individual topic guides like this one. We've got guides to solid geometry, probability, ratios, and more! If you don't know where to begin, make sure you take a practice test and see how your score ranks. This will give you a good sense of where your strengths and weaknesses are and how you should focus your study time. Looking to get a perfect score? Check out our guide to getting an 800, written by a perfect scorer! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Math strategy guide, you'll love our program. Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Theoretical Perspective Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

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The New Supervisor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Management government 4500 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Management government 4500 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management government 4500 - Term Paper Example A technology battles against other technological designs to achieve dominance (Suarez, 2004). Notably, just like any other technology, genetic engineering technology experiences various battle milestones in different stages of a dominance battle to achieve dominance. Battles for dominance occur where two or more technologies apply in one firm within the same industry (Suarez, 2004). In this context, the outcome of the technological battle will determine the fate of genetic engineering technology and the success of the products of this technology. Each milestone marked the beginning of a new stage in the dominance battle where each stage had different dynamics that derived distinct factors associated with dominance (Suarez, 2004). Biologists achieved the first milestone in overcoming startup challenges while trying to introduce the technology for commercial purposes. This was in in the first stage of dominance battle that introduced the key characteristics of the technology. The secon d milestone was in the second stage that demonstrated the technical feasibility of the technology and related to the appearance of the ?rst working prototype (Suarez, 2004) of the GMO that warned other technologies. Moreover, the successful introduction of the first GMO for commercial purposes was another milestone in the dominance process though it was too expensive for the mass market. This was in the third stage that created the market for the technology. The fourth milestone related to establishment of GMOs as clear front-runner in a stage with several competitors in the dominance battle where this technology stood a chance of winning the battle (Suarez, 2004). Ultimately, the technology’s achievement of dominance marked the last milestone where the technology is now dominant in many industries as it occupies a significant market share (Suarez, 2004). This was in the last stage of dominance battle where genetic engineering technology emerged as a clear dominant technology in the market. Response 2 The organic food industry poses a relevant ethical dilemma on whether the benefits of developing and supplying GMOs supersede the future demerits that GMOs may pose for the environment, human beings, and the animal kingdom. To this effect, I recommend that the world addresses the possible adverse effects of using GMOs and seek to achieve global food security through sound scientific principles. Such a move would be consistent with the actor’s basic duties of seeking to achieve global food security. At the same time, this recommendation will respect the rights and other legitimate claims of the affected parties as it will ensure that human beings, the ecosystem, and animals are free from the adverse effects of GMOs and that animals and human beings are free from hunger. This recommendation is equally compatible with the scientists’ deep commitment of ensuring global food security without jeopardizing the future lives of the affected parties. R esponse 3 Based on Franco Malerba’s reading â€Å"Innovation and the dynamics and evolution of industries: progress and challenges,† I choose to describe how the structure and current state of emergence in the organic food industry affects competition and innovation. There have been various analyses on the relationship between innovation and the dynamics and evolution of industries, which includes the organic food

An Australian Luxury Fashion Accessories Company Essay

An Australian Luxury Fashion Accessories Company - Essay Example The paper "An Australian Luxury Fashion Accessories Company" talks about Australian Fashion Accessories Company. The report starts by outlining the historical background of the company which will be followed by an analysis of the company’s micro and macro environments in a bit to establish the degree to which these have an impact on the operations of the organisation. The main body of the report will focus on a critical analysis of the marketing strategy used particularly the current marketing mix in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy. The last part of the report will look at the recommendations section where suggestions are given in order to improve the marketing offering of the chosen product or brand. â€Å"OrotonGroup Limited is a retailer, wholesaler and brand manager operating in Australia and the principal activities of the Company include retailing and wholesaling of leather goods, fashion apparel and related accessories under the OROTON and POLO RAL PH LAUREN labels, and licensing of the OROTON brand name.† Details about the historical background of the company can be viewed from its official website. This organisation is wholly owned subsidiary that includes OrotonGroup (Australia) Pty Limited, Polo Ralph Lauren Australia Pty Limited, OrotonGroup (New Zealand) Pty Limited, Macbray Pty Ltd, Marcs Wholesale Pty Ltd and Oroton Share Plan Company Pty Limited. The company operates approximately 60 retail stores and is listed on the Australian stock exchange. Critical analysis of Oroton’s Micro Environment According to Kotler & Armstrong (2004), the micro environment is comprised of actors close to the company such as suppliers, marketing intermediaries as well competitors while the macro environment consists of demographic, economic, technological as well as cultural factors. The first section of this analysis of the microenvironment is mainly going to look at the company’s competitive environment, its financial s as well as the structure of the business. According to Ibisworld (2010), the major competitors in the luxury brands industry include Luis Vuitton Australia Pty Ltd and Proud Jewellers Pty Ltd. Competition in the market is always a threat to the other actors operating in the industry given that they will be competing for market share. Oroton does not operate in a vacuum since it can be seen that the luxury brands industry is a bit different from other conventional industries. The company’s financials show an upward trend since 2007 according to Au Stocks (2011). This can be attributed to the management strategy that was adopted after the company had witnessed a decline in the revenue generated owing to decline in business. This is a major strength for the company. The company embarked on a drive to cut costs through laying some of the workers while at the same time offering affordable luxury brands. Another important factor about Oroton’s micro environment is that its structure is a typical brick and mortar model. This model mainly relies on linking the organisation directly to the customers through personal interaction but it can be noted that the organisation has also adopted e-commerce in its marketing strategy. However, a critical analysis of the factors characterising the micro economic environment of this organisation shows that the company is better positioned to operate viably in the market given that these factors do not pose serious challenges to it. The other advantage of this

Some Aspects of Submarine Design Essay Example for Free

Some Aspects of Submarine Design Essay The history of submarines shows there were two significant advances in the performance of submarines, which occurred after full scientific studies were undertaken. The first was by the Germans at the end of World War II when they produced the Type 21, which could have upset the balance in the U-Boat campaign if it had arrived earlier. The second was by the US Navy with Albacore which had a submerged speed of over 30 knots. To neglect full scientific studies would be a serious mistake in the design of any future replacement submarine. Design is shown to be like a jigsaw puzzle where altering one piece requires alterations in all surrounding features to make a workable complete design. The basis of improved hydrodynamic features is discussed. A new nose shape is presented which should improve the performance of the forward passive sonar up to operational speeds. Other major sources of resistance may be improved. It is proposed a first major step should be to establish the detailed performance of Collins using wind tunnels and computational fluid dynamics which will serve as the comparative foundation for any new design. RELEASE LIMITATION Approved for public release Published by DSTO Platforms Sciences Laboratory 506 Lorimer St Fishermans Bend, Victoria 3207 Australia Telephone: (03) 9626 7000 Fax: (03) 9626 7999 Â © Commonwealth of Australia 2004 AR-013-204 October 2004 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE Some Aspects of Submarine Design Part 1. Hydrodynamics Executive Summary The history of submarines subsequent to the first truly operational vessel, Holland, launched in 1899, showed two significant advances as opposed to steady incremental developments. These resulted from full scientific studies of all the problems. The first of these advances was made by the Germans at the end of World War II, when they produced the Type 21 which had major improvements in range and battery time while their underwater speed increased to 18 knots compared to 5 knots on previous vessels. Design diving depth was increased dramatically. They could operate below the Allies submarine defence weapon systems. The second advance was made by US designers who produced Albacore in 1953 with a shape suited to full underwater operation. Its length-tobeam ratio was only 7. 7 and top underwater speed was 33 knots. The drag coefficient was only 0. 1 compared to 0. 35 on previous submersible designs. It is clear that scientific studies should be a starting point for any future submarine design. A review of the literature covers priorities in design and shows how enhancement of one feature interacts with other features and may even result in an overall loss of performance despite the perceived advantage of the enhanced feature. Hydrodynamic aspects are then discussed starting with the shape and reasons why a length-to-beam ratio of about 7. 5 gives the minimum resistance. All features affecting the resistance are discussed including the boundary layer, laminar flow, transition, turbulence and separation and how the flow over the principle passive sonar should be as quiet and smooth as possible. Added resistance from sails, masts, snorkels and appendages need careful streamlining and attention in design. A proposed profile of a new submarine is presented which has the passive sonar far forward in the streamlined nose with the torpedo tubes positioned further aft. It should be a quieter vessel with more effective sonars. The profile requires shortening to reduce the displacement and then the internals need rearranging. The design process then begins, which is iterative. In order to proceed with such concepts it is vital to have a database. Our current submarine, the Collins class, should be the base from which all changes and proposals are measured. It is suggested detailed wind tunnel studies should be undertaken concurrently with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) evaluations. The results should then be compared with full scale trials to establish propeller efficiencies and roughness factors as well as the contributions for each feature, hull, sail, control fins, masts and snorkels, flood openings and others. This database will allow more precise comparisons for any improvements which may be considered in a future design. Author Prof. Peter Joubert (OAM) Contractor Maritime Platforms Division P. N Joubert, a World War II fighter pilot, after demobilisation from the RAAF, studied aeronautical engineering at Sydney University. He then joined CSIRO, where he designed a radio controlled meteorological glider. Subsequently he was appointed as a lecturer in mechanical engineering at Melbourne University specialising in fluid mechanics. In 1954 he attended the MIT where he built and tested high-speed catamarans in the towing tank. At Melbourne University he built a new wind tunnel and much research was initiated and conducted there. He has authored over 120 scientific papers, most of them in fluid mechanics, boundary layers, roughness, and vortices and recently with a PhD student, the flow about a submarine body in a turn. Over the years he has received many research grants including one from the US Navy. His work with his students and colleagues is recognised internationally such as by the General Motors Research Laboratories and other international ship research bodies. He has been studying flow patterns on submersibles since 1998 and has helped with certain modifications to Collins. In 1972 he was granted a personal chair and since retirement has been invited to continue as a Professorial Fellow. He was awarded a medal in the Order of Australia in 1996 for contributions to road and yacht safety. He was awarded the AGM Michell medal in 2001 by the College of Mechanical Engineers and is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Science and Engineering. As a yacht designer he has had over 100 yachts built to his designs, including a high-speed catamaran for the world sailing speed record and ocean racing yachts. Some of these have won against world-class competition – the Sydney-to-Hobart race in 1983 and second places in 1968, 2002 and 2003. As a sailor he has raced his own designs in 27 Sydney-toHobart races and survived the storm of 1998. In 1993 he was awarded the Commodore’s medal of the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia for outstanding seamanship after his crew had rescued eight survivors from a sunken yacht at night in a strong gale.

A Study On Barbie Global Market Marketing Essay

A Study On Barbie Global Market Marketing Essay International marketing is the performance of a companys product and services to consumers in more than one nation to produce profit. It is one of the most vital elements of marketing functions to trade their companys products or services internationally rather than locally. This brings more advantages and benefits the organization itself as well as the country. However, trying to trade internationally influences by many factors and cause difficulties. And it is the task of these companies to study these factors prior in order to initiate business or trade with other countries effectively. These factors include the culture, economic and political factors. This essays discussion base on the case study, Barbie: The American Girl Goes Global. Barbie is worldwide brand name invented by Ruth Handler defining as a small scale anatomically improbable modelled plastic figure of a human being especially a childs plaything and collectable dolls. It is the brand name for Mattel Inc., the organization for producing these toys and dolls. Barbie effectively starts its operation and selling out of its products at the American Toy Fair in New York City in 1959. Since then, Barbie become popular and operate effectively due to its increasing sales and revenues thus earning high profit compare to other American toy markets. Therefore, Mattel Inc expands its marketing situation and trade internationally where Barbie is currently selling out in more than 150 countries. These include European countries, Middle East, India and Japan. Therefore, this writing will discuss how Mattel Inc. deals with different culture issues, economic environment and political factors in these different countries in trying to market its products, the American Barbie doll. Throughout the given case study, it was basically talk about how different culture affects Mattel in trying to sell Barbie in the above mentioned countries. Culture is the acquired knowledge that people use to interpret experience and generate social behaviour (Keegan Green 2003). Each country has its own culture values and different from one another. And because Barbie trade worldwide, Mattel tend to carefully study the culture environment in those countries and analyze culture issues arise. The cultural issues of these countries affected the selling of Barbie can be reflected from different things. These include the language use, the religion involves, the social behaviour and the traditional dress code of each country. However, some economic issues and political factors appear to influence its international trading. Barbie is a worldwide brand and they first entered the US market for selling their products because it was the place of founder. Since then, Ruth Handler realizes the importance of children then decides to produce Barbie to motivate her daughters dream of her future. These products were three dimensional adult female dolls using by children to play with and it was popular in America because they initiate with high amount of sales of total 351,000 dolls at $3 each for the first year on the market. This occurs because Mattel identify its target market such as the group of children up of 1 to 11 years old and they fully satisfy their needs for toys made of plastic and long lasting rather than the first available dolls were made of paper and cardboard. However, moving to other countries cause Mattel to create changes on Barbie according to culture issues of each county to make effective. For instance, Mattel was successfully launched in India at 1995 because they make changes of Barbie appearance according to local taste of painted with a head spot and dressed in a sari but still the universally recognize Barbie. When moving to Middle East, culture factors in these countries are very strict and Barbie face difficulties in trying to sell their products in these countries because they face opposition on religious and social grounds. Women in these countries including Iran and Egypt have very strict dress code. They are not allowed to expose any part of their hair and due to Islamic law they have to completely cover their body and only their eyes are shown. But the appearance of these female dolls highly affected their culture values because Barbie female doll illustrate the opposite side of their dress code. This causes parents and religious leaders to more strange reactions with the culture values represent by Barbie and Ken and they believe Barbie is seen in the Middle East where modesty matters as something of a tramp. Therefore, Egypt government exist with setting up government agencies for producing local dolls aimed to provide Islamic alternative to Barbie and trying to eliminate the image of Barbie in their nations. These dolls called Laila were making in accordance to the local taste of Egypt people and their culture because local toy producer believe Barbie is more dangerous than an American missile. Laila also produced according to recommendation from the Arab league department for children suggested that there is cultural gap when an Arab girl plays with a doll like Barbie because the average Arab girls reality is different from Barbie. Thus Mattel face more challenges and more competitive market place due to Laila because they appeared in local taste using Arab costumes for decorating and designing their quite and serious looking doll. Meantime, Iran has its own local doll producer, Sara and Dara still to compete against Barbie. These dolls apply the same situation as Egypt in producing with the local culture taste by featuring traditional clothing, headscarves and are available with family members thus reinforcing the importance of family for Iranian children. Meantime Sara and Dara are to provide an Islamic alternative to Barbie. However, Mattel did not attempt to stop there though they are forbidden but continue fight against Sara and Dara. And thus still able to operate successfully by gaining high revenues with high profit due to higher price with approximately 7 times the average monthly salary. Though that Mattel faced tough position in Egypt and Iran but still continue to struggle against local competitors. Facing the challenges of competition, Barbie has been losing market share to Susi the Brazilian local dolls made by local company, Estrela. This company has licensed to distribute Barbie throughout Brazil. Brazil is the best chance of successful marketing for Mattel because they account 37 percent of the countrys annual sales earn from toys market. Additionally, Brazil is one of the largest countries in South America in according to its rich economy, population and geographic territory. Unfortunately, the selling of the Susi dolls increase more than the Barbie sales in terms of cultural values. The Susi dolls were designed as an image of the Brazilian girls and reflect values as a true Brazilian girl and every Brazilian is proud of it rather than showing what they want to be. So instead of helping distributing the Barbie doll all over Brazil, the Barbie face a strong competition cause losing of their market share to Estrela the company that produce the Susi doll. Distributing Barbie throughout the Asian countries, Mattel faces great difficulties overcome the worlds second largest toy market, Japan. In terms of economic environment, Japan has high, favourable and competitive economic situation. Japan is a high income country, the second largest economy in the world and has large industrial capacity. And thus, Japan and the United States face strong and big challenges to compete each other because they have similar economic situation. Therefore, during its first 20 years of operated in Japan, Mattel realised that it is the most difficult situation a company faced because of their complex distribution system. Additionally, Mattel attempt to face strong competition from local brand and local competitor. For example, Mattel enters into marketing without studying the Japanese requirements for foreign investor to sell out their products. And thus, selling out Barbie in Japan has only a limit success because Japanese girl didnt know what the product is and it didnt work, commented by the Chief Executive Officer of mid 1990s, Josh Amerman. With that issue, a problem of low sales rise then Mattel joins with Takara, a Japanese toy specialist in order to make a difference for the Japanese to understand their product. They then join forces with Bandai, the largest toy company in Japan to sell their products legally after terminating relationship with Takara due to license disagreement. Moreover, a cultural fact appears that the Japanese has valued their dolls seriously because of their strong cultural tradition with a heritage of over 800 years and ceremonial importance. Consequently, Mattel started to cope with the Japanese culture in a view of the fact stated but they then discovered that the Japanese girls has preferred the local American Barbie is the best and the most well known. Mattel then dropped forces with Bandai and operates its own marketing office then introduced the American Barbie to Japan and they experienced a success with Long Hair Star Barbie as one of the top-selling dolls in Japan. These cultural factors helps increase the amount of Mattel global marketing. Fortunately, Mattel rejoined with Bandai once again and forming marketing, sales and product development to overcome the complex Japanese distribution system thus reducing operating expenses. Efficiently, a rise of 10 percent in the international revenue indicates from the 31 percent of Mattels total revenue as according to the good performance of Mattel marketing and their share to the international revenues. This effect of International Marketing helps Mattel improves the increasing of revenues and their shares. In conclusion, Barbie is fun and huge success story. I suggested that every company attempt to trade internationally and marketing their products worldwide must consider the culture issues, the economic situation and political factors of that foreign country in related to chosen products to trade. This led them to make their decisions and reflect the required changes to make on their products in relation with foreign country interest. As we can reflect from the above discussion, Egypt and Iran have very strict culture at how women dress up which not allowing them to expose any part of their body. But Barbie exists with the opposite site of their belief causing high risk in trying to sell out their dolls. Unfortunately, some situation may not affected by the culture issues. As in Europe, Barbie generate success because there was an average of 5 Barbie dolls at the childrens toy collections because Mattel adopted pan European approach to the Western European market. And thus, acting C hief Executive Officer Ronald Leob recommended that Barbie believes that the company will proactively adapt its products to local tastes, economic conditions and pricing rather than viewing the rest of the world. REFERENCES Textbooks: Keegan, W.J., Green, M.C (2005).Global Marketing (4th ed.).Upper Saddler River, N.J.:Prentice Hall Kotab, M., Helen, K. (2008). Global Marketing Management (4th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Websites: Barbie Doll History Invention of the Barbie Doll, Retrieved on 14 September 2009 http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/barbiedoll.htm Culture of Iran, Retrieved on 14 September 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran#Culture Culture of Iran, Retrieve on 14 September 2009 http://www.cultureofiran.com/ Doing business in Brazil, Retrieve 09 September 2009 http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/country/brazil/doing-business-brazil.html Doing business in India, retrieve 09 September 2009 http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/etiquette/doing-business-india.html Japan Economy, Retrieve 14 September 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan#Economy Japan Government and politics, Retrieve 14 September 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan#Government_and_politics

Starting a New Business Essays -- Setting Up a Business

Introduction As Regina Meyers contemplates opening a Satanic coffeehouse in her hometown, she must make a number of critical business decisions related to business organization, ownership, structure, and management. A number of her friends and family members have expressed interest in partnering with her or simply being involved. As Regina’s legal adviser, I have been asked to provide advice to her on a variety of topics outlined below. Business: Friends, Family, and Foes As an entrepreneur and business owner myself, I applaud Regina for taking the first steps towards establishing her business - a Satanic coffeehouse – while also respectfully providing advice based on some of my personal lessons learned. The first, and from my perspective the most important, decision Regina must make is related to the ownership structure of her business. While respecting that Ben, her husband, is willing to make a capital investment in the business but does not desire to participate in the operation and management, Regina needs to ensure that, as a married couple, they both understand and accept the responsibilities and risks involved with starting a business. From the information presented in the background notes, I am concerned that Ben’s pledge of a financial investment in the proposed company was from personally managed funds and not jointly-managed funds. If, indeed, the financial support pledged was from her husband’s personal funds, I would respectfully advise Regina against the accepting the investment as the marriage relationship would likely suffer by adding a non-union investor-investee financial relationship. With this noted, if Ben’s financial contribution is actually a confirmation supporting the use of their joint financial re... ...trieved from BCP Business Center: http://www.business.ftc.gov/documents/inv05-buying-franchise-consumer-guide Gaston Regional Chamber. (2013, December 2). Just starting out/business formation. Retrieved from Gaston Regional Chamber: http://gaston.toolsforbusiness.info/northcarolina/1b/formation/ North Carolina Department of the Secretary of State. (2013, December 2). Search for a corporation by name. Retrieved from Corporations Division: http://www.secretary.state.nc.us/corporations/searchresults.aspx?onlyactive=OFF&Words=STARTING&searchstr=The%20Gathering%20Place United States Patent and Trademark Office. (2013, December 2). Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS). Retrieved from United States Patent and Trademark Office: http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/index.jsp Wagner, E. (2013, September 12). Five reasons eight out of ten businesses fail. Forbes.com, p. 1.

Vera Bradley

Bad Brads BBQ purchased a piece of equipment by paying $5,000 cash. They also incurred a shipping cost of $400 to get the equipment to its factory. The fair value of this equipment is $7,000. For what amount should Bad Brads BBQ record the equipment? | $5,000. | | $5,400. | | $7,000. | | $7,400. | Research and development costs should be: | Expensed in the period incurred. | | Expensed in the period they are determined to be unsuccessful. | | Deferred pending determination of success. | | Expensed if unsuccessful, capitalized if successful. | Goodwill is: Amortized over the greater of its estimated life or forty years. | | Only recorded by the seller of a business. | | The excess of the fair value of a business as a whole over the fair value of all net identifiable assets. | | Recorded when created internally through advertising expense. | Which of the following is considered a â€Å"contra† account? | Unearned Revenue. | | Goodwill. | | Accumulated Depreciation. | | Costs of Good Sold. | Using the straight-line method, depreciation expense for 2012 would be: | $12,000. | | $11,000. | | $60,000. | | None of the other answers are correct. Using the straight-line method, the book value at December 31, 2012 would be: | $44,000. | | $49,000. | | $55,000. | | $60,000. | Using the double-declining balance method, depreciation expense for 2012 would be: | $24,000. | | $22,000. | | $19,000. | | $20,000. | Using the double-declining balance method, depreciation expense for 2013 would be: | $22,000. | | $13,200. | | $14,400. | | $24,000. | Berry Co. purchases a patent on January 1, 2012, for $40,000 and the patent has an expected useful life of five years with no residual value. Assuming Berry Co. ses the straight-line method, what is the  amortization expense  for the year ended December 31, 2013? | $0. | | $8,000. | | $16,000. | | $40,000. | Abbott Company purchased a computer that cost $10,000. It had an estimated useful life of 5 years and no residual valu e. The computer was depreciated by the straight-line method and was sold at the end of the fourth year of use for $3,000 cash. Abbott should record: | a gain of $1,000. | | a loss of $1,000. | | neither a gain nor a loss – the computer was sold at its book value. | | neither a gain nor a loss – the gain that occurred in this case would not be recognized. |

Humans Are Responsible For Global Warming Environmental Sciences Essay

Global heating is the following large impact that will convey about a alteration in the conditions forms. By definition, Global Warming is the addition in mean temperature that bit by bit warms the Earth ‘s ambiance. It is a phenomenon, which has been on the rise but in the last century, the addition in the degrees have been dismaying. ( George ChristodoulouA ,2006 ) .Global warming has caused a batch of alterations to the environment on a negative mode. Harmonizing to the survey by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC ) , it is observed that the addition in planetary mean temperature has been caused due to an addition in nursery gas concentrations. ( Slashman, 2007 ) . Global heating can hold many different causes, but it is most normally associated with human intervention, specifically the release of inordinate sums of nursery gases. ( EPA, 2006 ) .It is either caused by either worlds or animate beings, or natural causes. Global heating is no more a myth but a fast approaching world, which in the long term will convey the much feared ice age that will pass over out all populating being on Earth. The latest IPCC study states â€Å" widespread mass losingss from glaciers and decreases in snow screen over recent decennaries are projected to speed up throughout the twenty-first century, cut downing H2O handiness, hydropower possible, and altering seasonality of flows in parts supplied by melt H2O from major mountain scopes ( e.g. Hindu-Kush, Himalaya, Andes ) , where more than one-sixth of the universe population presently lives. † ( Geneva, 2010 ) . Global heating has caused a major addition of heat towards the Earth ‘s ambiance and it is still impacting boulder clay today due to human activities. Although some people think that planetary heating happens due to natural factors, it is scientifically proved that worlds are responsible for planetary heating. The intent of this paper is to indicate out the irresponsible people doing planetary heating and to non fault planetary heating occurs due to natural factors. There are many scientific and logical factors of planetary heating are caused by human activities. The chief factor is due to the depletion of ozone bed of the ambiance which happens in the stratosphere. Why the ozone does go dilutant or makes a hole? It is because the release of CFC ( CFC ) gases. Human ‘s utilizations air conditioners to do the hot environment ice chest, but what they do n't look to recognize is that they are doing the ambiance even hotter. Air conditioners releases CFC gas when it is turned on. The CFC gas will respond with the ozone bed and deplete or do a hole. Besides that, iceboxs besides release CFC gases when it is opened. Slowly they start infiltrating into the upper beds of the ambiance and shortly make the ozone rich stratosphere, where they undergo major chemical alterations. ( H. A Khemani, 2010 ) . The CFC gas will shortly disintegrate and the Cl atom will respond with the ozone molecule and alterations to oxygen molecule. As shortly the ozone be d alterations to oxygen molecule the ozone bed will be depleted. The most lurid fact about Chlorofluorocarbons is that they have exceptionally long atmospheric life which, in certain instances, even extends to 100 old ages. This means that if CFC refrigerants are leaked in the ambiance, they will maintain consuming ozone bed for the following 100 old ages to come. ( H. A Khemani, 2010 ) . There are other stuffs used by worlds that release CFC gas such as chemical sprays and combustion of Styrofoam stuffs. Furthermore, the addition of C dioxide degree leads to climatic alteration. Worlds are the chief people to breathe green house gasses to the environment. They emit them in a assortment of ways. The burning dodo fuel by human activities releases green house gas which is C dioxide. When there is a rise in the per centum of C dioxide in the air, the sum of heat captured by the C dioxide besides increases. ( Bidisha Mukherjee, 2010 ) . As the sum of C dioxide degree addition in the ambiance heat is trapped inside the ambiance and causes warming of the Earth. Furthermore, coal combustion of power works besides increases the C degree in the ambiance. Burning coal produces about 9 billion metric tons of C dioxide each twelvemonth which is released to the ambiance, approximately 70 % of this being from power coevals. ( World-nuclear.org, 2011 ) . In add-on mills emit more fume and harmful gases such as C dioxide, A methane, A and oxide. These gases do non merely increase the temperature of t he environment but causes injury to human and animate beings. The combustion of gasolene from transit besides contributes planetary warming on a big graduated table. Burning of gasolene will increase the sum of C monoxide. Carbon monoxide is a really harmful gas that it can do decease to populating beings. Dusts are besides accumulated in the ambiance. Brazil and Indonesia, which contain the universe ‘s two largest lasting parts of rain forest, are being stripped at an dismaying rate by logging, fires, and land-clearing for agribusiness and cattle-grazing. ( Nationalgeographic.com, 2011 ) . Human activities of consuming forest illicitly have cause a major clime alteration to the environment. Men presents are selfish and do things on their favours. They think to upgrade the state with the betterment of engineering. The use of land for development of edifices makes them to cut down woods uncontrolled. Besides, illegal deforestation for importing logs to other states for concern intent causes planetary heating. Trees are needed to cut down the sum of C dioxide in the environment. By disforesting the sum will be greater and the Earth will finally acquire hotter. Excessive film editing of trees for urban usage and other intents is damaging to the environmental balance. ( Manali Oak,2011 ) . Opposition argues more with the point of political relations that plays a function in planetary heating excessively. Even those politicians who are brave plenty to contend for action on the issue are non stating us the whole truth. ( Mark Jeantheau, 2004 ) .The authorities is non responsible for the happening of planetary heating. They do non take any action towards illegal people who causes planetary heating and are money minded. On their head is ever bribe and do non believe about others. Public are non cognizant of this phenomena and take it easy. Government should be blamed for this due for non educating the populace about the effects of planetary heating and point out the effects.